India's view of the world · A factual referenceLast updated 12 May 2026 · Edition 04

COUNTRY RELATIONSHIP · CHINA

India & China

BRICS MEMBERSCO MEMBERBORDER DISPUTE30+ DIALOGUE MECHANISMS

India was the first non-socialist bloc country to establish diplomatic relations with the People's Republic of China, on 1 April 1950. Ties have moved through the 1962 border conflict, a post-1988 normalisation, a 2003 Declaration on Principles for Relations, and a 2005 Strategic and Cooperative Partnership for Peace and Prosperity - but have been adversely affected since the April-May 2020 clashes along the Line of Actual Control (LAC) in Eastern Ladakh. Over thirty bilateral dialogue mechanisms exist, though their frequency has been affected by the current state of relations.

COOPERATION AREAS

Where India and China actually work together

4 active areas of cooperation, as of 21 August 2023. Click any card for the full brief.

TRADE & INVESTMENT

By the numbers

The MEA's published bilateral brief (last updated 21 August 2023) does not include a trade-data section - unlike its briefs for several other countries. Figures to be added from a trade-focused source in a future update.

Not stated in this MEA brief
Total bilateral trade in goods
Not stated in this MEA brief
India exports to country
Not stated in this MEA brief
India imports from country

Trade trajectory · USD bn

No trajectory data available for this brief.

TOP TRADED ITEMS

AGREEMENTS & MILESTONES

The relationship since 1950, in 11 dates

CURRENT STATE

Where things stand, August 2023

Relations remain defined by the unresolved standoff along the LAC in Eastern Ladakh since 2020. Border-management mechanisms (WMCC, SCM) continue to meet regularly to manage disengagement, and the two governments maintain contact through more than thirty dialogue channels, but the frequency and warmth of high-level engagement remains well below pre-2020 levels. Multilateral platforms - BRICS, SCO, G20 - remain the primary venues where the two leaderships interact.

SIGNALS TO WATCH

On track / positive momentum
In progress / worth watching
Stalled or facing headwinds
Not yet started / unclear

IN CONTEXT

How India and China cross paths multilaterally

QUICK FACTS

CapitalBeijing
Population1.41 billion
RegionEast Asia
Diplomatic tiesSince 1950

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Last updated: 21 August 2023