India's view of the world · A factual referenceLast updated 12 May 2026 · Edition 04

COUNTRY RELATIONSHIP · RUSSIA

India & Russia

SPECIAL & PRIVILEGED PARTNERBRICS MEMBERSCO MEMBERDEFENCE SUPPLIER

Russia has been a longstanding and time-tested partner for India, and development of the relationship has been a key pillar of India's foreign policy. Since the 'Declaration on the India-Russia Strategic Partnership' in October 2000, ties acquired a qualitatively new character across political, security, defence, trade, science & technology, culture and people-to-people dimensions - elevated in December 2010 to a 'Special and Privileged Strategic Partnership.' The relationship has remained strong and stable for 78 years, anchored in a shared commitment to a multipolar world.

COOPERATION AREAS

Where India and Russia actually work together

6 active areas of cooperation, as of 26 November 2025. Click any card for the full brief.

TRADE & INVESTMENT

By the numbers

FY 2024-25 figures as cited in MEA bilateral brief (26 November 2025).

$68.7bn
Total bilateral trade in goods
$4.9bn
India exports to country
$63.8bn
India imports from country

Trade trajectory · USD bn

FY21FY23FY25
$68.7bnin FY25 · click a bar to compare years

TOP TRADED ITEMS

AGREEMENTS & MILESTONES

The relationship since 1947, in 11 dates

CURRENT STATE

Where things stand, November 2025

The relationship remains one of India's steadiest, with trade having expanded sharply over the past two years on the back of discounted Russian energy purchases - now running well ahead of the $100bn-by-2030 target's earlier trajectory. President Putin is expected in New Delhi for the 23rd Annual Summit in December 2025, following a year of dense ministerial and leader-level contact including calls after the Pahalgam attack and around the US-Russia Alaska Summit. Defence cooperation continues to deepen with new frigate deliveries and expanded joint exercises, while both sides are exploring co-production and third-country export of platforms like BrahMos, and pushing connectivity initiatives (INSTC, Chennai-Vladivostok corridor, Northern Sea Route) to diversify the relationship beyond its traditional military-nuclear-space core.

SIGNALS TO WATCH

On track / positive momentum
In progress / worth watching
Stalled or facing headwinds
Not yet started / unclear

IN CONTEXT

How India and Russia cross paths multilaterally

QUICK FACTS

CapitalMoscow
Population144 million
RegionEurope
Diplomatic tiesSince 1947

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Last updated: 26 November 2025